Ko te Urolithin A he pūhui taiao, he pūhui matū i hangaia e ngā huakita puku e huri ana i ngā ellagitannins hei whakapai ake i te hauora i te taumata pūtau. Kua arohia te Urolithin B e ngā kairangahau mō tōna kaha ki te whakapai ake i te hauora puku me te whakaiti i te mumura. He rite ngā āhuatanga o te Urolithin A me te urolithin B, engari he rerekētanga motuhake kei a rāua. He aha ngā rerekētanga motuhake, kia kitea tātou!
I ngā tau tata nei, kua rangahauhia e ngā kaipūtaiao ngā painga hauora o te urolithin, he matū taiao he matū matū matū i hangaia mā te hurihanga o ngā ellagitannin e ngā huakita puku. Ko ōna matū matua ko te waikawa ellagic me ngā ellagitannin, e kitea ana i roto i ētahi momo kai pēnei i te pamekaranete, te kuawa, te tī, te pekani, te nati, me ngā hua pēnei i te rōpere, te rāhipere pango, me te parakipere. Hei tāpiri, ko te urolithin A, he polyphenol taiao, he mea whakamere hei antioxidant kaha me te anti-inflammatory me ngā painga hauora pai.
Sngā kairangahau e rangahau ana i teKua whakaatuhia e ngā pānga o te UA ki ngā mahi pūtau me ngā ara koiora he maha ngā tikanga mahi. Kua kitea hoki e ngā rangahau ka whakahohe te UA i te mitochondrial autophagy, he tukanga e tango ana i ngā mitochondria kua pakaru mai i te pūtau me te whakarei ake i te whakaputanga pūngao. He mea nui tēnei mahi ki ngā mate e pā ana ki te koroheketanga, nā te mea ko ngā mitochondria kore mahi ka arahi ki te kohikohinga o te ahotea waikura me te mumura. Ka whakahaere hoki te UA i te whakaaturanga o ngā ira e uru ana ki te urupare ahotea waikura, te whakatika DNA me te apoptosis, he mea nui mō te pupuri i te pono o te pūtau me te aukati i te mate pukupuku.
Tētahi atuKo tētahi āhuatanga whakamere o te UA kotōna pūmanawa hei kaipatu i te koroheketanga, arā, ka taea e ia te whakaoho i te apoptosis i roto i ngā pūtau kua koroheke, arā, ngā pūtau kua pakaru kāore e wehewehe engari ka huna i ngā mea kino e kino ana ki ngā pūtau me ngā kiko tata. E hono ana ngā pūtau kua koroheke ki ngā mate maha e pā ana ki te koroheketanga, pērā i te mate rumatiki, te atherosclerosis me te nete pirau o te uro. Mā te tango motuhake i ēnei pūtau, ka taea e te UA te whakaroa, te ārai rānei i te tīmatanga o ēnei mate, me te whakapai ake i te hauora whānui.
Ko ngā Urolithin he momo matū e mōhiotia ana ko ngā metabolites ellagitannin, e whakaputaina ana e ngā microbiota puku. I roto i ēnei, e rua ngā ngota, ko te urolithin A me te urolithin B, kua aro nuihia mō ō rātou painga hauora. Kei roto i ēnei matū ngā momo hua pēnei i te pamekaranete, te rōpere, me te rāhipere. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tirohia e tātou ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te urolithin A me te urolithin B.
Ko te Urolithin A te ngota ngota tino nui o te whānau urolitin, ā, kua rangahaua pai mō ōna āhuatanga antioxidant me te anti-inflammatory. I tua atu, kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te UA te whakapai ake i te mahi mitochondrial me te ārai i te kino o te uaua. E mōhiotia ana hoki te UA mō ōna āhuatanga anti-cancer pea. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te UA te aukati i te tipu o ngā pūtau me te whakaoho i te mate o ngā pūtau i roto i ngā momo momo pūtau matepukupuku, tae atu ki ngā pūtau matepukupuku prostate, ū, me te koroni.
I tētahi atu taha, kua arohia te urolithin B e ngā kairangahau mō tōna kaha ki te whakapai ake i te hauora o te puku me te whakaiti i te mumura. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te UB te whakarei ake i te kanorau o ngā moroiti puku me te whakaiti i ngā cytokine pro-inflammatory, pērā i te interleukin-6 me te tumor necrosis factor-alpha. I tua atu, kua kitea hoki he āhuatanga tiaki io pea a te UB, nā te mea kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e ia te āwhina i te aukati i ngā mate neurodegenerative pērā i te mate a Parkinson me te mate a Alzheimer.
Ahakoa ō rāua āhuatanga e pā ana, he rerekētanga nui kei waenganui i te UA me te UB. Hei tauira, kua whakaatuhia he kaha ake te UA hei ārai-mumura me te ārai-waipiro i te UB. I tētahi atu taha, kua kitea he whai hua ake te UB ki te ārai i ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te momona, pērā i te ātete ki te insulin me te rerekētanga o ngā pūtau ngako. Hei tāpiri, he rerekē ki te UA, kāore anō kia rangahaua whānuitia te UB hei ārai-matepukupuku.
He rerekē anō hoki te tikanga mahi a te UA me te UB. Ka whakahohehia e te UA te ara Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), e whai wāhi ana ki te mitochondrial biogenesis, ko te UB ia e whakarei ake ana i te ara AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), e whai wāhi ana ki te homeostasis pūngao. Ka whai wāhi ēnei ara ki ngā pānga pai o ēnei matū ki te hauora.
Ahakoa ngā painga whakahihiri o te UA me te UB, kei reira tonu ngā herenga ki tā rāua whakamahinga. Hei tauira, he iti tonu te wātea o ēnei matū koiora, ā, kāore anō kia tino māramahia ō rātou pharmacokinetics. Heoi anō, kāore anō kia tino mārama te pānga o ēnei matū ki te tangata, nā te mea kua mahia te nuinga o ngā rangahau i roto i te vitro, i roto rānei i ngā tauira kararehe. Heoi anō, e kī ana ngā rangahau o nāianei he pai pea te UA me te UB hei whakawhanake i ngā kai mahi, i ngā tāpiringa rānei hei tautoko i te hauora whānui me te ārai i te mate.
Urolithin A. He rongonui tēnei ngota iti e kitea ana i roto i ētahi hua me ngā nati mō tōna kaha ki te whakapai ake i ngā mea katoa mai i te tipu uaua ki te mahi roro. He matū whakaputa te Urolithin A, arā, he hua taha o ētahi atu matū i roto i te tinana. Ina koa, ka puta mai i te wā e pakaru ai ngā huakita puku i ngā ellagitannins, e kitea ana i roto i ētahi kai pēnei i te pamekaranete, te rōpere me te nati wōnati. Engari koinei te wāhanga whakamere: kāore i te katoa ngā huakita puku e hiahiatia ana hei whakaputa i te urolithin A. Inaa, kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau tata ki te 30-50% noa iho o te tangata ka taea te whakaputa i tēnei ngota i roto i te taiao. Koinei te wāhi e whai hua ai ngā tāpiringa.
Nā, he aha ngāNgā painga o te urolithin A? Āe, ko tētahi o ngā kereme nui ko tōna āwhina ki te whakapai ake i te hauora o ngā uaua. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i whakaputaina i roto i te puka Nature Medicine, i te wā i hoatu ai te urolithin A ki ngā kiore, ka piki ake te manawanui mā te 42% me te pikinga o te papatipu uaua mā te 70%. Ahakoa he tino whakamiharo ēnei hua, he mea tika kia mōhiotia he rangahau iti tēnei, ā, me nui ake ngā rangahau hei whakaū i ēnei kitenga i roto i te tangata.
Engari ehara i te mea koinā anake te mahi a te urolithin A. Kua whakaaturia hoki ka whakapai ake i te mahi mitochondrial. Ko ngā mitochondria te pūtake hiko o ngā pūtau, e kawenga ana mō te whakaputa pūngao ka taea e te tinana te whakamahi. I a tātou e pakeke haere ana, ka tīmata te heke o te mahi mitochondrial, ka arahi pea tēnei ki ngā raruraru hauora maha. Heoi, e kī ana ngā rangahau tōmua ka āwhina pea te urolithin A ki te whakaroa i tēnei hekenga, ka whakapai ake pea i te hauora whānui me te whakaroa i te roanga o te oranga.
Me te mea kāore i ranea, kua whakaatuhia hoki he painga hinengaro o te urolithin A. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i whakaputaina i roto i te puka Scientific Reports, i te wā i hoatu ai he urolithin A ki ngā kiore, ka pai ake ō rātou mahara me te kaha ako. E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau ko te take pea tēnei o ngā pānga ārai-mumura o te ngota, e āwhina ana ki te tiaki i ngā pūtau roro mai i te kino.
Ko te Urolithin B, he matū e kitea ana i roto i ngā momo hua me ngā pamekaranete, e mōhiotia ana mō ōna painga pea ki te whakapai ake i te hauora pākia me te whakaroa i te roanga o te oranga. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau tata nei he āhuatanga ārai-mumura me te antioxidant te urolithin B ka taea te āwhina i te aukati i ngā mate mau tonu me te whakapai ake i te hauora whānui.
1. Ngā āhuatanga ārai-mumura
Ko te mumura mau tonu tetahi o ngā tino take o ngā mate maha, tae atu ki te mate manawa, te mate huka me te mate pukupuku. He āhuatanga ārai-mumura kei roto i te Urolithin B e āwhina ana ki te whakaiti i te mumura i roto i te tinana, ā, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mate mau tonu. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau he nui te whakaiti a te urolithin B i te mumura i roto i ngā kiore he mate puku mumura, e whakaatu ana i tōna whai huatanga ki te rongoā i ngā tāngata he rite ngā mate.
2. Ngā āhuatanga ārai mate
He kaha te ārai-waikura o te Urolithin B, arā, ka taea e ia te āwhina i te tinana mai i te ahotea waikura, he tukanga e kino ai ngā pūtau me te whakatairanga i te tukanga koroheketanga. Ka āwhina te Urolithin B ki te aukati i te kino waikura mā te whakakore i ngā rauropi kore utu, ka taea te kino i ngā pūtau me te arahi ki ngā mate mau tonu. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau ka whakaitihia e te urolithin B te ahotea waikura i roto i ngā kiore, ka tautokohia anō tōna kaha hei tāpiringa ārai-koroheketanga.
3. Whakatairanga i te hauora o ngā uaua
Kua whakaaturia te kaha o te Urolithin B ki te whakaoho i te mitochondrial autophagy, he tukanga pūtau e āwhina ana ki te tango i ngā mitochondria kua pakaru mai i ngā pūtau. Ka āwhina tēnei tukanga ki te whakapai ake i te hauora me te mahi a te uaua whānui, ā, he mea pea hei tāpiringa mā te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whakapai ake i te mahi tinana. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau he pai ake te mahi me te kaha o te uaua i roto i ngā kiore me ngā tāngata nā te urolithin B.
4. Tautoko i te hauora hinengaro
Kua whakaatuhia te kaha o te Urolithin B ki te tautoko i te hauora hinengaro mā te whakatairanga i te neuroplasticity, he tukanga e āwhina ana i te roro ki te urutau ki ngā mōhiohio hou, ā, ka taea hoki te whakapai ake i te mahi hinengaro. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau he pai ake te mahi hinengaro me te mahara i roto i ngā kiore nā te urolithin B.
5. Ngā painga mō te roa o te ora
Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau tata nei he kaha te urolithin B ki te whakatairanga i te roa o te ora mā te whakapai ake i te hauora o te pākia o te tinana, te whakaiti i te mumura, me te tiaki i te ahotea waikura. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i whakanui ake te urolithin B i te roa o te ora o te C. elegans, he momo kutukutu nematode, e tautoko ana i ōna painga pea mō te whakatairanga i te roa o te ora.
1. Pamekaranete
Ko te pamekaranete tētahi o ngā puna pai rawa atu o te urolithin. Kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ka taea e te wai pamekaranete te whakanui ake i ngā taumata toto o ngā urolithin A me B. Hei tāpiri, he maha atu ngā painga hauora o ngā pamekaranete, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga ārai-mumura me te ārai-waipiro.
2. Ngā hua
He puna pai hoki ngā hua pēnei i te rōpere, te rāhipere me te parakipere mō te urolithin. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te kai hua te whakanui ake i ngā taumata toto o te urolithin A me te B.
3. Nati
He puna pai hoki ngā nati me ngā pīkana me ētahi atu nati mō te urolithin. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau ka piki ake te taumata o te urolithin A me te B i roto i te toto mā te kai i ngā nati.
Ko te Urolithin A me te B he matū tūturu kei roto i ētahi kai, he maha ngā painga hauora. He āhuatanga ārai-mumura ēnei matū, he whakapai ake i te hauora mitochondrial me te uaua, ā, he whakatairanga i te hauora hinengaro. Ko ngā pamekaranete, ngā hua rākau, ngā nati me ngā tāpiringa ellagitannin ētahi o ngā puna kai pai rawa atu ka taea te whakarato i ngā urolithin. Mā te whakauru i ēnei kai ki roto i tō kai ka āwhina i a koe ki te iriti i ngā painga o ngā urolithin A me te B me te whakatairanga i te koroheketanga hauora.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-05-2023
