He tukanga te koroheketanga e pā ana ki ngā rauropi katoa. Kāore e taea e te tangata te aukati i te koroheketanga, engari ka taea e rātou te mahi i ētahi mahi hei whakaroa i te tukanga koroheketanga me te putanga mai o ngā mate e pā ana ki te koroheketanga. Kua nui te aro ki tētahi matū - ko te nicotinamide riboside, e mōhiotia ana ko te NR. Hei matū mua mō te NAD+, e whakaarohia ana he tino kaha te nicotinamide riboside ki te ārai i te koroheketanga. Mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ka whakarei ake te nicotinamide riboside i te mahi sirtuin, ka whakapai ake i te mahi mitochondrial, ā, ka whakahohe i ngā ara pūtau maha e uru ana ki te tukanga ārai i te koroheketanga.
Ko te Nicotinamide riboside (NR) he momo huaora B3, e mōhiotia ana ko te waikawa nicotinic, ko te waikawa nicotinic rānei. He matū tūturu e kitea ana i roto i ētahi kai, pērā i te miraka, te rewena, me ētahi huawhenua, i roto i ngā rahinga iti.
Ko te NR te matūtake o te nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), he coenzyme kei roto i ngā pūtau ora katoa. He mahi nui tā te NAD+ i roto i ngā momo tukanga koiora, tae atu ki te whakaputa pūngao, te whakatikatika DNA, me te whakahaere i te pākia o te pūtau. I a tātou e pakeke haere ana, ka heke haere ngā taumata NAD+, ka pā pea ki ēnei mahi nui. Kua whakaarohia ngā tāpiringa NR hei huarahi hei whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, me te whakaroa pea i te tukanga koroheketanga.
Ko tētahi o ngā painga nui o te tāpiringa NR ko tōna kaha ki te whakarei ake i te mahi mitochondrial. Ko ngā mitochondria ngā pūngao o te pūtau, e kawenga ana mō te whakaputa i te nuinga o te pūngao o te pūtau i roto i te ahua o te adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Kua whakaatuhia te NR ki te whakatairanga i te whakaputanga ATP mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ā, mā reira ka whakatairanga i te whakaputanga pūngao whai hua me te pākia o te pūtau. Ka whai hua pea tēnei pikinga o te whakaputanga pūngao ki ngā momo kiko me ngā whekau, tae atu ki te roro, te ngākau, me ngā uaua.
●Whakarei ake i te pūngao pūtau
He mahi nui tā te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakarato pūngao ki te whare hiko o te pūtau, arā, ngā mitochondria. Ko tēnei matū he matū mua o te nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), he coenzyme nui e uru ana ki ngā tukanga pūtau maha, inā koa te pākia o te pūngao. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mā te tāpiri i te NR ka taea te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+ me te whakatairanga i te manawa pūtau me te whakaputa pūngao whai hua.
Ka heke haere ngā taumata NAD+ i a tātou e pakeke haere ana, ka ngoikore te mahi mitochondrial me te heke o ngā taumata pūngao whānui. Heoi, mā te tāpiri i te nicotinamide riboside, ka taea te whakakore i tēnei hekenga me te whakahoki mai i ngā taumata pūngao taitamariki. Kua kitea hoki te NR hei whakarei ake i te manawanui tinana me te whakapai ake i te mahi hākinakina, ka waiho hei matū e pai ana mō ngā kaitākaro me ngā tāngata takitahi e rapu ana i te hauora pai.
●Whakapai ake i te whakatikatika pūtau me te ārai i te koroheketanga
Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga whakamīharo o te nicotinamide riboside ko tōna kaha ki te whakatairanga i te whakatikatika i te DNA me te ārai i ngā kino e pā ana ki te koroheketanga. He wāhanga nui te NAD+ i roto i te tukanga whakatikatika DNA. Mā te tāpiri i te NR hei whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ka taea e tātou te whakarei ake i te kaha o te pūtau ki te whakatika i te DNA, kia pai ake ai te tiaki i a ia anō mai i te koroheketanga.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua whai wāhi te NR ki te whakahaere i ngā ara roa o te ora, pērā i ngā sirtuin, he mea nui ki te pupuri i te mahi hauora o te pūtau. Ka āwhina ēnei ira roa o te ora ki te whakapai ake i ngā tikanga tiaki pūtau mai i te ahotea me te whakatairanga i te roa o te ora. Mā te whakahohe i ngā sirtuin, ka āwhina pea te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakaroa i ngā mate e pā ana ki te koroheketanga, ā, tera pea ka roa ake te roa o tō tātou hauora.
●Ārai i ngā mate neurodegenerative
Kei te piki haere te kitea o ngā mate neurodegenerative pēnei i te mate a Alzheimer me te mate a Parkinson i roto i tō tātou hapori. E ai ki ngā rangahau he pai pea te nicotinamide riboside hei ārai i ēnei mate ngoikore. Kua kitea e ngā rangahau ko te whakahaere NR ka whakarei ake i te mahi mitochondrial, ka whakaiti i te ahotea oxidative, ka whakapai ake i te neuroplasticity, ā, ka whai wāhi katoa ēnei ki te hauora o te roro.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua honoa te tāpiringa NR ki te whakapai ake i te mahi hinengaro, te pupuri mahara, me te whakapai ake i te arotahi me te roa o te aro. Ahakoa e hiahiatia ana ētahi atu rangahau, e kī ana ēnei kitenga tuatahi he ārai pea te nicotinamide riboside, he tautoko rānei mō te hunga e mōrearea ana ki te mate neurodegenerative.
●Whakarei ake i te aro o te insulin
He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu i te kaha o te NR ki te whakapai ake i te hauora pākia o te tinana. Kua whakaatuhia ka whakarei ake i te aro o te insulin, he mea nui ki te pupuri i ngā taumata huka toto hauora me te aukati i te whanaketanga o te mate huka momo 2. Kua kitea hoki e ngā rangahau ka taea e te tāpiringa NR te whakapai ake i te pākia o te lipid, ā, ka whakaiti i ngā taumata cholesterol me te triglyceride e rere ana i roto i te toto. He mea nui ēnei pānga ki te hunga whai mate pākia o te tinana, ki te hunga taumaha rawa rānei, momona rānei.
●He kaha ārai mate
Hei tāpiritanga, kua whakaaturia te kaha o te NR ki te whakarei ake i te parenga pūtau ki te ahotea waikura. Ka puta te ahotea waikura ina kore e taurite te hanga o ngā momo hāora tauhohe (ROS) me te kaha o te tinana ki te whakakore i a rātou mā te whakamahi i ngā antioxidants. Ka taea e ngā taumata tiketike o te ahotea waikura te kino i ngā pūtau me te whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o ngā mate maha, tae atu ki te mate pukupuku, te mate ngakau, me ngā mate neurodegenerative. Kua kitea e ngā rangahau ka taea e te tāpiringa NR te whakapai ake i te kaha antioxidant o ngā pūtau me te whakaiti i te pānga o te ahotea waikura ki te tinana.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he kaha tō te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakaroa i te koroheketanga mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata o te ngota ngota nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Ko te NAD+ he ngota matua e whai wāhi nui ana ki te pākia o te pūtau.
Ka heke iho ngā taumata NAD+ i a tātou e pakeke haere ana. E kiia ana ko tēnei hekenga tetahi o ngā tino take o te koroheketanga. Mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ka āwhina pea te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakakore i tēnei hekenga me te whakaroa i ngā pānga o te koroheketanga.
Kei roto te NAD+ i ngā tukanga pūtau nui maha, tae atu ki te whakaputa pūngao, te whakatika DNA, me te whakaaturanga ira. Mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ka taea e te nicotinamide riboside te whakarei ake i ēnei tukanga me te whakapai ake i te mahi pūtau whānui.
He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu i ngā hua whai hua i roto i ngā pūtau kararehe me te tangata. I roto i tētahi rangahau, i kitea e ngā kairangahau ko te tāpiringa nicotinamide riboside i whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+ i roto i te kiko uaua, ā, nā reira ka whakapai ake i te mahi mitochondrial me te mahi whakakori tinana i roto i ngā kiore.
I kitea i tētahi atu rangahau he pai ake te aro o te kiore momona, kua pāngia e te mate huka, nā te tāpiringa nicotinamide riboside i te insulin me te manawanui ki te huka toto. E whakaatu ana tēnei he pai pea ngā hua o te nicotinamide riboside mō te hauora o te pūnaha io.
I roto i tētahi rangahau iti i mahia ki ngā pakeke waenga-pakeke me ngā kaumātua, i whakanuia e te tāpiringa nicotinamide riboside ngā taumata NAD+ me te whakapai ake i te toto toto me te pakari o ngā uaua toto, e rua ngā tohu nui o te hauora o te ngakau.
I tētahi atu rangahau, i kitea e ngā kairangahau he pai ake te mahi uaua nā te tāpiringa nicotinamide riboside, ā, i ārai hoki i te ngaronga o te uaua i roto i ngā kaumātua. E whakaatu ana tēnei he pai pea ngā hua o te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakahekenga o te uaua e pā ana ki te koroheketanga.
He mea tika kia mōhiotia ko te koroheketanga he tukanga uaua e pāngia ana e ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki ngā ira, te āhua noho me te taiao. Me titiro ki te Nicotinamide riboside hei tāpiringa hei āwhina i te whakaroa i te koroheketanga me te tautoko i te koroheketanga hauora, kaua hei mahi makutu.
He mahaNAD+ Kua tautuhia ngā matū mua, tae atu ki te nicotinamide riboside (NR), te nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), me te waikawa nicotinic (NA). Ka hurihia ēnei matū mua ki NAD+ ina uru ki roto i te pūtau.
I roto i ēnei matū whakapūmau, kua arohia whānuitia te nicotinamide riboside nā tōna pumau, tōna wātea mai i te koiora, me tōna kaha ki te whakapiki i ngā taumata NAD+. Ko te NR te momo huaora B3 e kitea ana i roto i ngā rahinga iti i roto i te miraka me ētahi atu kai. Kua whakaatuhia he whakarei ake i te hanganga NAD+ me te whakaoho i te mahi a ngā sirtuins, he rōpū pūmua e pā ana ki te roa o te ora.
Ko tētahi o ngā painga o te nicotinamide riboside ko tōna kaha ki te karo i ngā takahanga waenga e hiahiatia ana mō te hanga NAD+. Ka taea te huri tika ki te NAD+ me te kore e hiahiatia he whākōkī tāpiri. He rerekē, ko ētahi atu matū mua pērā i te nicotinamide mononucleotide me whai takahanga whākōkī tāpiri e uru ana ki te nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) kia huri ai ki te NAD+.
He maha ngā rangahau kua whakataurite i te whai huatanga o te nicotinamide riboside ki ētahi atu matū mua o te NAD+, ā, ko te NR tonu te mea tino pai. I roto i tētahi rangahau haumanu-mua i roto i ngā kiore kua koroheketia, i kitea ko te tāpiringa nicotinamide riboside ka whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ka whakapai ake i te mahi mitochondrial, me te whakarei ake i te mahi uaua.
I whakaatuhia hoki he hua whakamīharo i roto i tētahi rangahau matapōkere, matapo-rua, whakahaere-placebo i roto i ngā pakeke hauora. I piki ake ngā taumata NAD+ i roto i ngā kaiuru e tango ana i te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakaritea ki te rōpū placebo. I tua atu, i kōrero rātou he pai ake te mahi hinengaro me te whakaiti i te ngenge whaiaro.
Ahakoa kua whakaatuhia e ētahi atu matū mua o te NAD+, pērā i te nicotinamide mononucleotide me te niacin, he pānga pai ki ngā taumata NAD+ i roto i ētahi rangahau, kāore anō kia whakaatuhia he taumata whai huatanga rite ki te nicotinamide riboside.
He mea nui kia mōhiotia ahakoa te āhua nei he pai ake te nicotinamide riboside ki te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+, ka rerekē pea ngā urupare a ia tangata. Tērā pea ka kitea e ētahi tāngata he pai ake ētahi atu matū whakapūmau, pērā i te nicotinamide mononucleotide, te niacin rānei, mō ā rātou hiahia motuhake.
Kei te wātea ngā tāpiringa riboside nicotinamide i roto i ngā papa, ngā kāpū, me ngā paura. Ko te kimi i te horopeta NR tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki te tau, te hauora, me ngā pānga e hiahiatia ana. Nō reira, he mea whakaaro nui tonu te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi tikanga tāpiringa hou, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakarato tohutohu whaiaro i runga i ō hiahia.
Hei tāpiri, i te mea kei te piki haere te rongonui o te NR me te maha o ngā waitohu e waipuke ana ki te mākete, he mea nui kia whiriwhiria he puna pono, he puna whai mana hoki. Anei ētahi āhuatanga matua hei whakaaroaro māu i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi tāpiringa NR:
1. Te Parakore me te Kounga: Rapua ngā hua kua whakamatautauria, kua whakamanahia hoki e te hunga tuatoru kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa kounga tino pakari. Rapua ngā tāpiringa kāore he whakakī, he tāpiringa kino, me ngā poke pea.
2. Ngā Tikanga Hanga: Kōwhiria ngā tāpiringa i hangaia i roto i ngā whare kua rēhitatia ki te FDA, ā, whai i ngā aratohu Tikanga Hanga Pai (GMP). Mā tēnei ka whakarite i te ōritetanga, te haumaru me te whai huatanga o te hua.
4. Rongonui me ngā Arotake a te Kaihoko: Tirohia ngā arotake me ngā whakatauranga a te kiritaki kia mārama ai koe ki te whai huatanga o tētahi tāpiringa me te pai o te kaihoko.
P: He pēhea te mahi a te Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)?
A: Ka mahi te Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata o te NAD+ i roto i te tinana. Kei roto te NAD+ i te whakaputa pūngao pūtau, te whakatikatika i te DNA, me te pupuri i te hauora me te mahi a ngā mitochondria.
P: He aha ngā pānga ārai-pakeketanga pea o te Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)?
A: Kua whakaatuhia e te Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) he pānga ārai-pakeketanga pai mā roto i tana mahi ki te whakanui ake i ngā taumata NAD+. Ka taea e te pikinga ake o ngā taumata NAD+ te whakarei ake i te mahi mitochondrial, te whakapai ake i te whakaputanga pūngao pūtau, me te whakatairanga i te whakatikatika DNA, ka taea e ēnei katoa te āwhina ki te whawhai ki te hekenga e pā ana ki te paheketanga me te whakapai ake i te hauora whānui.
Whakakape: He kōrero whānui noa iho tēnei tuhinga, kaua e whakamāramatia he tohutohu hauora. Ko ētahi o ngā kōrero o te pou rangitaki i ahu mai i te Ipurangi, ehara i te mea ngaio. Ko tā tēnei paetukutuku anake he whakarōpū, he whakatakotoranga me te whakatika i ngā tuhinga. Ko te kaupapa o te kawe atu i ētahi atu kōrero, ehara i te mea e whakaae ana koe ki ōna tirohanga, e whakaū ana rānei i te pono o ōna ihirangi. Me kōrero tonu ki tētahi tohunga hauora i mua i te whakamahi i tētahi tāpiringa, i te hanga rānei i ngā huringa ki tō tikanga tiaki hauora.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 10-2023
