He neurotransmitter whakamīharo te Dopamine e whai wāhi nui ana ki ngā pokapū utu me te koa o te roro. E kiia ana ko te matū "pai te wairua", koia te kawenga mō ngā momo tukanga ā-tinana me ā-hinengaro e awe ana i tō tātou wairua whānui, te hihiri, tae atu ki ngā whanonga waranga.
Ko te Dopamine, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te neurotransmitter "ahua pai", i kitea tuatahitia i te tekau tau atu i 1950 e te kaipūtaiao Huitene a Arvid Carlsson. Kua whakarōpūtia hei neurotransmitter monoamine, arā, he karere matū e kawe ana i ngā tohu i waenga i ngā pūtau io. Ka puta te Dopamine i roto i ētahi wāhi o te roro, tae atu ki te substantia nigra, te rohe ventral tegmental, me te hypothalamus o te roro.
Ko te mahi matua a te dopamine he tuku tohu i waenga i ngā neuron me te awe i ngā mahi a te tinana. E whakaarohia ana ka whakahaere i te nekehanga, ngā urupare kare ā-roto, te hihiri, me ngā kare ā-roto o te harikoa me te utu. He mahi nui anō hoki tā te dopamine i roto i ngā tukanga hinengaro maha pēnei i te ako, te mahara, me te aro.
Ina tukuna te dopamine ki ngā ara utu o te roro, ka puta he kare ā-roto o te harikoa, o te makona rānei.
I ngā wā o te harikoa me te utu, ka puta he nui o te dopamine i roto i a tātou, ā, ki te iti rawa ngā taumata, ka kore tātou e hihiri, ka kore hoki he āwhina.
Hei tāpiritanga, he hononga tata te pūnaha utu o te roro ki te dopamine. Ko te mahi a ngā neurotransmitters he whakatairanga i ngā kare ā-roto o te harikoa me te whakakaha, ā, mā reira ka puta te hihiri. Ka akiaki i a tātou ki te whakatutuki i ā tātou whāinga me te rapu utu.
Ka puta te dopamine i roto i ngā wāhi maha o te roro, tae atu ki te substantia nigra me te rohe ventral tegmental. Ka mahi ēnei wāhi hei wheketere dopamine, ka whakaputa me te tuku i tēnei neurotransmitter ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te roro. Kia tukuna, ka herea te dopamine ki ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi motuhake (e kiia nei ko ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi dopamine) kei runga i te mata o te pūtau e whiwhi ana.
E rima ngā momo kaiwhakawhiwhi dopamine, e tapaina ana ko D1 ki te D5. Kei roto i tētahi rohe roro rerekē ia momo kaiwhakawhiwhi, e āhei ai te dopamine ki te whai pānga rerekē. Ina herea te dopamine ki tētahi kaiwhakawhiwhi, ka whakaoho, ka aukati rānei i te mahi a te pūtau e whiwhi ana, i runga i te momo kaiwhakawhiwhi e piri ana.
He mea nui te mahi a te dopamine ki te whakahaere i te nekehanga i te ara nigrostriatal. I tēnei ara, ka āwhina te dopamine ki te whakahaere me te whakarite i ngā mahi a te uaua.
I roto i te prefrontal cortex, ka āwhina te dopamine ki te whakahaere i te mahara mahi, ka taea ai e tātou te pupuri me te whakahaere i ngā mōhiohio i roto i ō tātou hinengaro. He wāhi anō hoki tāna ki ngā tukanga aro me te whakatau kaupapa. Kua honoa ngā kore taurite o ngā taumata dopamine i roto i te prefrontal cortex ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate aro koretake (ADHD) me te schizophrenia.
Ko te tukunga me te whakahaere i te dopamine e tino whakahaerehia ana e te roro kia mau tonu te taurite me te whakarite kia mahi noa. He pūnaha matatini o ngā tikanga urupare, e uru ana ki ētahi atu neurotransmitters me ngā rohe roro, e whakahaere ana i ngā taumata dopamine.
He matū karere, he neurotransmitter rānei te Dopamine, i roto i te roro e kawe ana i ngā tohu i waenga i ngā pūtau io. He mea nui tana mahi i roto i ngā momo mahi roro, tae atu ki te whakahaere i te nekehanga, te wairua, me ngā urupare kare ā-roto, ā, he mea nui tēnei mō tō tātou hauora hinengaro. Heoi, ko te kore taurite o ngā taumata dopamine ka arahi pea ki ngā momo raruraru hauora hinengaro.
●E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he iti ake pea ngā taumata dopamine o te hunga e pāngia ana e te pouri i ētahi wāhi o te roro, ā, ka iti ake te hihiri me te harikoa ki ngā mahi o ia rā.
●Ka taea e ngā taumata dopamine kore taurite te arahi ki ngā mate manukanuka. Ka taea e te nui haere o te mahi dopamine i ētahi wāhi o te roro te arahi ki te nui haere o te manukanuka me te kore okiokinga.
●E whakaarohia ana ko te nui rawa o te mahi dopamine i roto i ngā rohe motuhake o te roro ka whai wāhi ki ngā tohu o te schizophrenia, pērā i te moemoeā me te pohehe.
●He maha ngā wā ka piki ake te taumata o te dopamine i roto i te roro nā ngā raau taero me ngā whanonga waranga, ka puta he kare ā-roto harikoa me te whai hua. I roto i te wā, ka whakawhirinaki te roro ki ēnei matū, ki ēnei whanonga rānei, hei tuku i te dopamine, ka puta he huringa waranga.
P: Ka taea te whakamahi i te rongoā hei whakahaere i ngā taumata dopamine?
Āe, ka whakamahia ētahi rongoā, pērā i ngā dopamine agonists, ngā dopamine reuptake inhibitors rānei, hei rongoā i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te dopamine dysregulation. Ka taea e ēnei rongoā te āwhina ki te whakahoki i te taurite dopamine i roto i te roro, me te whakamama i ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga pērā i te mate a Parkinson, te pouri rānei.
P: Me pēhea te pupuri i te taurite hauora o te dopamine?
A: Ko te pupuri i tētahi momo noho hauora, tae atu ki te whakakori tinana auau, te kai totika, te moe nui, me te whakahaere i te ahotea, ka āwhina i te whakahaere pai o te dopamine. Mā te whai wāhi ki ngā mahi whakangahau, te whakatakoto i ngā whāinga ka taea te whakatutuki, me te mahi i te aroātahi ka āwhina hoki i te pupuri i te taurite dopamine hauora.
Whakakape: Hei whakamōhiotanga anake tēnei tuhinga, kaua e kiia he tohutohu hauora. Me kōrero tonu ki tētahi tohunga hauora i mua i te whakamahi i tētahi tāpiringa, i te whakarerekē rānei i tō tikanga hauora.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-15-2023
